Translation glossary: Oscar Delgado

Creator:

Filter

Showing entries 651-700 of 1,728

ERNESTO SAMPER (1950- )

\"político colombiano, presidente de la República (1994-1998). Nacido en Santafé de Bogotá, se licenció en Economía en 1972, y en Derecho un año después, por la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de su ciudad natal; realizó estudios de posgrado en la Universidad de Columbia (Nueva York), en 1979. Fue profesor de Desarrollo Económico de la Universidad Javeriana (1974-1989). En 1982, pasó a ser secretario general del Partido Liberal, consi

Spanish to English

Samper Pizano, Ernesto (1950- ), president of Colombia (1994-1998). Born in Bogotá, Samper received economics and law degrees from the University of Javeriana and a master’s degree from Columbia University in New York. Before he took political office, Samper worked as an economist and taught economics and law at Javeriana. He also wrote several books, including Bases para un Derecho Constitucional Financiero and For Whom Was the Coffee Bonanza? Early in Samper’s presidency, rebel guerrillas terrorized rural areas in Colombia—part of a 30-year war in which thousands of Colombians were killed. In response, Samper enacted security measures and offered to negotiate for peace with the rebels without demanding a cease-fire before negotiations began. The peace process had failed previously because of cease-fire violations. However, the leftist rebels rejected the plan, leading to further violence. In August 1995 Samper declared a state of emergency in response to terrorist violence and organized crime, but many people believed that he sought to deflect attention from accusations of his own wrongdoing. Three of Samper’s aides—his campaign manager, campaign treasurer, and defense minister—were arrested in 1995 and linked him to corrupt activities, including acceptance of drug money to fund his presidential campaign. Samper claimed innocence and emphasized that his government had made serious efforts to shut down the powerful cocaine drug cartels that operated out of the cities of Cali and Medillín, jailing many of the cartel leaders. He also emphasized that he still had bullets in his body from an assassination attempt by cocaine traffickers in 1989. In 1996 Samper was formally charged with fraud, accepting illegal drug money to fund his campaign, and obstruction of justice. However, the courts ruled in favor of Samper on key legal issues, and the lower house of the national legislature, which had the authority to order impeachment, cleared him of all charges in June 1996. The United States revoked Samper’s U.S. travel visa and removed Colombia from the list of countries that cooperate in fighting the drug trade. Colombia was thereby disqualified from receiving most forms of U.S. economic assistance. In February 1998 the U.S. government recertified Colombia as an ally in the war on drugs, and the country again became eligible for U.S. loans and foreign aid.Samper’s government was unable to prevent violence by left-wing guerrilla groups and right-wing paramilitary squads formed by private citizens. Both groups engaged in a campaign of intimidation during regional and municipal elections held in October 1997. Guerillas kidnapped some candidates, intimidating many into withdrawing from the election. Paramilitary groups responded by raiding a number of villages and executing individuals suspected of supporting guerrilla groups. Government reports indicate that more than 41,000 Colombians became refugees from the violence in 1997. Most were poor farmers who fled their farms and moved into the crowded shantytowns of Colombia’s larger cities. The violence continued in 1998, with left-wing guerrillas ambushing elite government troops in March in a remote southern jungle region. The ambush killed about 70 soldiers in the worst government defeat in the 35 years since guerrilla hostilities began. Samper’s government succeeded in opening preliminary peace negotiations with the nation’s second largest rebel group, the National Liberation Army (ELN) early in 1998. However, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC), the largest rebel group, refused to negotiate with Samper. In 1998 Conservative Party candidate Andrés Pastrana was elected to succeed Samper. In a parting shot at the Samper government, the ELN and the FARC launched a nationwide offensive against government installations in the week before Samper left office in August 1998, killing many soldiers and police officers.Biblioteca de Consulta Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2005. © 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. Reservados todos los derechos.

ERP

\"(Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo) Organización guerrillera surgida en 1988, como disidencia del Ejército de Liberación Nacional, ELN. Tiene como base el Frente \"\"Alfonso Gómez Quiñones\"\". Está formado por aproximadamente seis Comisiones, compuestas por unos ciento cincuenta guerrilleros.Opera en el sur de Bolívar (Monte Cristo, Tiquicio, Achí, Majagual), norte de Bolívar (Montes de María) y Córdoba (Ayapel y La Unión). \"

Spanish to English

ESE

Empresa Social del Estado.

Spanish to English

ESPERANZA

\"Partido Esperanza, Paz y Libertad;\"

Spanish to English

ESPINAL

Municipio del Departamento de Tolima

Spanish to English

esprit "gagnant-gagnant"

espíritu de mutuo provecho

French to Spanish

EVANGÉLICO(S)

Rama cristiana que hace especial hincapié en seguir las enseñanzas de la Biblia y predicar la palabra de Dios. Aleluyas.

Spanish to English

expediente de derivación de responsabilidad por sucesión

transfer of responsibility process in the event of succession

Spanish to English

F-2

Organismo de seguridad del estado, frecuentemente señalado por los delincuentes y personas al margen de la ley, como uno de los organismos promotores y ejecutores de actividades de limpieza social.

Spanish to English

FACATATIVÁ

Municipio del Departamento de Cundinamarca

Spanish to English

FACCIÓN

a) Parte de un grupo.b) Conjunto de gente armada que comete actos de violencia o se mantiene en rebeldía.

Spanish to English

FACHO

\"El término viene de fascismo; movimiento político y social de carácter totalitario que se produjo en Italia, por iniciativa de Benito Mussolini, después de la Primera Guerra Mundial. También; fascista, \"\"fachista\"\", reaccionario, derechista. Persona cuyas ideas se consideran y son contrarias al progresismo. \"

Spanish to English

FALÁN

Municipio del Departamento de Tolima

Spanish to English

FALSO

Traidor. Sapo. Agente del F2.

Spanish to English

FAO

Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación

Spanish to English

FARC-EP

\" (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo) Organización guerrillera creada en el año 1966, bajo influencia del Partido Comunista, en la Segunda Conferencia del Bloque Guerrillero del Sur. Hasta ese momento había sido una agrupación de autodefensas campesinas, conformadas tras la desmovilización de las guerrillas liberales durante la dictadura del general Rojas Pinilla. Grupo guerrillero más antiguo y numeroso de

Spanish to English

\"Guerrilla organization creatied in 1966, under the influence of the Communist party. Prior to that moment it had been a peasant self defense group, formed after the demobilization of the liberal guerrillas during the dictatorship of General Rojas Pinilla. This is the oldest and most highly numbered guerrilla group in Colombia, composed of 62 combat fronts and more that 15,000 armed combatents. Their presence is mostly rural, nonetheless they have been active in urban centres of importance, committing terrorist acts in cities such as Bogota. Their highest organization is the National Guerrilla Conference. When it gathers, the Central State, Subsecretariate, and delegates of the Blocks, Fronts, Columns, Guerrillas, and Squadrons elected to the guerrilla assemblies. In some cases specially invited individuals may be invited. In descending order, the following operate; Composed of twenty five people, among which are those who compose the Secretariate.  Organization of seven members, including a representative of the International Front.. So-called when composed of more than five Fronts in a determined area and it has its own High State of the Block. The Blocks are composed of Fronts, Companies, Columns. When there are fewer, it is called the Joint Command. There are seven Blocks; Caribbean, Eastern, Magdalena Medio, Western, Central, Córdoba and Southern.. Front; Unit composed of more than ninety six individuals. It is composed of Commissions, according to the area that it ocupéis or the activities that it undertakes. Such Commissions compose the Greater State of the Front. Currently the FARC have approximately Sixty rural and urban fronts that operate in approximately five hundred municipalities througout the country. Collumn; Group of ninety six guerrillas, composed of two Companies.. Collumn; Forty eight guerrillas, grouped into two Guerrillas. Twenty four individuals, grouped into two Squadrons. Squadron; twelve individuals grouped into two Tactical Combat Units, UTC. Three to six men per group. The FARC also have special guard and urban support bodies, called Bolivarian Militias.. Bolivarian Militias; composed of Militia Battallions. Militia Battallions, composed of four Companies each. Company; composed of four Pelotones. Composed of four SquadronsESCUADRA; formada por Bases de Milicias. Squadrons; composed of Militia Bases.Cantidad estimada de personas en armas; aproximadamente trece mil. Estimated number of armed individuals; three thousand. ZONAS ESTRATÉGICAS DESDE EL PUNTO DE VISTA MILITAR; Strategic zones from a military point of view; LLANOS DEL YARÍA; allí opera el Bloque Sur, que es la principal estructura militar de la organización. Desde mediados de los años noventa el Estado Mayor mantiene su centro de operaciones en esa zona del norte del Caquetá, donde las autoridades han encontrado enormes laboratorios para el procesamiento de coca. En esa extensa región, la estrategia militar de las FARC ha superado la denominada etapa de guerra de guerrillas (Ver Guerra de Guerrillas), remplazándola por la fase más avanzada de guerra de movimientos. (Ver Guerra de Movimientos). Therein operates the Southern Block, which is the pricipal military structure of the organization. Since the middle of the nineties the Greater State has maintained its center of operations in this zone of the North of Caquetá, where the authorities have found enormous laboraties for the processing of cocaine. In this extensive region, the military strategy of the FARC has taken on the so-called war stage of the War of the Guerrillas (see Guerra de Guerrillas), replacing the most advanced phase of the War of Movements(see Guerra de Movimientos). ZONA ORIENTAL; EASTERN ZONE; allí opera el Bloque Oriental, el más numeroso de la organización. Cubre los departamentos de Meta, Casanare, Arauca, Guaviare, Vaupés, Vichada, Cundinamarca y Boyacá. Cubre también el Ariari -región casi tan extensa como el departamento del Valle-, cuyo corazón es San José del Guaviare. El Ariari es una zona neurálgica de producción de coca y procesamiento de cocaína. Therein operates the Eastern Block, the most populous of the Organization. It covers the departmes of Meta, Casanare, Arauca, Guaviare, Vaupés, Vichada, Cundinamarca and Boyacá. It also covers the Ariari, a region almost as extensive as the Valle department, whose Herat is San Jose del Guaviare. Ariari is a central area for the production and processing of cocaine. SUMAPAZ; desde esta región, que es un corredor entre Bogotá y el sur del país, opera el Bloque Central.. ZONA BANANERA Y URABÁ ANTIOQUEÑO; desde mediados de los años sesenta allí opera el Quinto Frente. Debido tanto a la acción paramilitar, como a la de las Fuerzas Armadas, a finales de los años noventa este Frente se replegó en la zona montañosa. (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, Colombia’s largest insurgency A self-described Marxist group, the FARC-EP has over 16,500 active members and has battled government and paramilitary forces for decades. When its urban militias are included in estimates, its total number exceeds 26,500. Partly because it is the countryís largest illegal armed group, the FARC-EP has the largest number of child combatants in its ranks). \"

FARIANO

Perteneciente a las FARC.

Spanish to English