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Source text - Polish Polecenie i zapis w prawie spadkowym
Rozwiązanie testamentowe nazywane zapisem polega na zobowiązaniu spadkobiercy do spełnienia określonego świadczenia majątkowego na rzecz oznaczonej osoby. Celem zapisu jest zatem przeznaczenie wskazanej osobie korzyści majątkowej na wypadek śmierci spadkodawcy, w czym leży podobieństwo do powołania spadkobiercy. Mimo tego podobieństwa zachodzi jednak zasadnicza różnica między tymi rozrządzeniami testamentowymi.
Osoba, na rzecz której ustalono zapis (zapisobierca) nie nabywa spadku (ogółu praw i obowiązków majątkowych zmarłego) ani w całości, ani w jego ułamkowej części. Nie jest ogólnym następcą spadkodawcy i tym samym nie odpowiada za długi spadkowe. Nawet, gdy przedmiotem zapisu jest rzecz należąca do spadku i oznaczona, zapisobierca z mocy samego zapisu nie staje się właścicielem tej rzeczy. Nie jest zatem bezpośrednim następcą spadkodawcy. Własność zapisanej rzeczy nabywa spadkobierca, ale obowiązany jest do przeniesienia własności na zapisobiercę. Na mocy przepisu powstaje tylko zobowiązanie między spadkobiercą (jako dłużnikiem) a zapisobiercą (jako wierzycielem), który może żądać spełnienia świadczenia objętego zapisem.
Translation - English
Instruction and legacy in succession law
The testamentary solution known as legacy is an obligation of an heir to make a specific property performance for the benefit of a specified person. The purpose of the legacy is, therefore, to provide the specified person with a property benefit, in prospect of death of a testator, wherein lies similarity to naming an heir. However, despite this similarity, there is a substantial difference between these testamentary dispositions.
A legatee, the person entitled to legacy, does not acquire the estate (property rights and obligations of the deceased) neither as a whole nor in parts. The legatee is not a general successor to the estate of the testator and hence shall not be liable for succession debts. Even if the subject of the legacy is an item specified in the estate, the legatee by virtue of the legacy alone does not become the owner of that property. Therefore, the legatee shall not be a direct successor of the testator. Ownership rights to the legacy item are acquired by the heir who is obliged to transfer such rights to the legatee. Pursuant to this provision an obligation arises between the heir (as the debtor) and the legatee (as the creditor), who may demand performance of the benefit included in the legacy.
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Translation education
Master's degree - University of Warsaw
Experience
Years of experience: 25. Registered at ProZ.com: Jan 2008.
"Language is a part of our organism and no less complicated than it." Ludwig Wittgenstein
I am a sworn translator/interpreter of the English language, with broad experience in translating all sorts of texts, including legal, financial and technical.
For 3 years I worked as an in-house translator/interpreter at a Polish law firm (patent attorneys).
I completed Translation Traineeship with the Council of the European Union (Polish Language Unit).
Expertise 