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English to Spanish: Analytical approaches to detect maternal/fetal genotype incompatibilities that increase risk of pre-eclampsia General field: Medical Detailed field: Genetics
Source text - English Abstract
Background
In utero interactions between incompatible maternal and fetal genotypes are a potential mechanism for the onset or progression of pregnancy related diseases such as pre-eclampsia (PE). However, the optimal analytical approach and study design for evaluating incompatible maternal/offspring genotype combinations is unclear.
Methods
Using simulation, we estimated the type I error and power of incompatible maternal/offspring genotype models for two analytical approaches: logistic regression used with case-control mother/offspring pairs and the log-linear regression used with case-parent triads. We evaluated a real dataset consisting of maternal/offspring pairs with and without PE for incompatibility effects using the optimal analysis based on the results of the simulation study.
Results
We identified a single coding scheme for the incompatibility effect that was equally or more powerful than all of the alternative analysis models evaluated, regardless of the true underlying model for the incompatibility effect. In addition, the log-linear regression was more powerful than the logistic regression when the heritability was low, and more robust to adjustment for maternal or fetal effects. For the PE data, this analysis revealed three genes, lymphotoxin alpha (LTA), von Willebrand factor (VWF), and alpha 2 chain of type IV collagen (COL4A2) with possible incompatibility effects.
Conclusion
The incompatibility model should be evaluated for complications of pregnancy, such as PE, where the genotypes of two individuals may contribute to the presence of disease.
Translation - Spanish Resumen
Introducción
Las interacciones intrauterinas entre los genotipos maternos y fetales incompatibles son un mecanismo potencial relacionado con la aparición o progresión de enfermedades asociadas al embarazo, tales como la preeclampsia (PE). Sin embargo, no está claro el mejor enfoque analítico y diseño del estudio a la hora de evaluar las combinaciones genotípicas madre-hijo.
Métodos
Por medio de simulación, se estimó el error de tipo I y el poder de modelos genotípicos materno-fetales incompatibles mediante dos enfoques analíticos: la regresión logística que se llevó a cabo con pares madre-hijo caso-control y, la regresión log-lineal que se llevó a cabo con tríadas caso-padres. Se evaluó un conjunto de datos real compuesto por pares madre-hijo con y sin PE para los efectos de incompatibilidad, utilizando el mejor análisis según los resultados del estudio de simulación.
Resultados
Se identificó un sólo programa de codificado para el efecto de incompatibilidad que era igual o más potente que el resto de los modelos de análisis alternativos evaluados, independientemente del modelo subyacente real para el efecto de incompatibilidad. Además, la regresión log-lineal era más potente que la regresión logística cuando la heredabilidad era baja, y resistente al ajuste de los efectos maternos o fetales. Para los datos de PE, este análisis reveló tres genes con posibles efectos de incompatibilidad: linfotoxina alfa (LTA), el factor von Willebrand (VWF) y, la cadena alfa 2 del colágeno tipo IV (COL4A2).
Conclusión
El modelo de incompatibilidad debe evaluarse para las complicaciones del embarazo, tales como la PE, en el que los genotipos de dos individuos podrían contribuir a la aparición de la enfermedad.
English to Spanish (University of Malaga) English to Spanish (Heriot Watt University) Spanish to English (University of Malaga) Spanish to English (Heriot Watt University)
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