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English to Portuguese: ENERGY AND NEUROTRANSMISSION General field: Science Detailed field: Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Source text - English A key novel finding of this work is that energy consumption is coupled to the release of the
neurotransmitter glutamate upon neuronal firing and its subsequent recycling through glutamine. This flux
was proposed in the 1970s and was established as the major pathway by the 13 C experiments. Studies are described in which 13 C-labeled glucose and other labeled precursors are followed into glutamate and glutamine pools in human and animal brains by in vivo 13 C MRS. The rate of label appearance in glutamate has provided a measure of the tricarboxylic acid cycle flux VTCA , which is
a direct measure of neuronal energy consumption. The flux into the glutamine pool, measured in the same
experiment by in vivo 13 C MRS, is used to quantitate the rate of glutamate neurotransmitter release and
recycling. The quantitation shows that there is a one-to-one change of glutamate neurotransmitter flux with
neuronal glucose oxidation, i.e. for each additional molecule of glutamate released as a neurotransmitter
there is one molecule of glucose oxidized in neurons.
Translation - Portuguese Uma nova descoberta chave deste trabalho é o facto de o consumo de energia estar acoplado à libertação do neurotransmissor glutamato com o disparo neuronal e a sua reciclagem subsequente através da glutamina. Este fluxo foi proposto na década de 1970 e estabeleceu-se como uma via principal pelas experiências com 13C. São descritos estudos em que glucose marcada com 13C e outros precursores marcados são seguidos até às "pools" de glutamato e glutamina no cérebro de humanos e animais por MRS (Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética) de 13C "in vivo". A velocidade de aparecimento da marcação no glutamato providenciou uma medida do fluxo do ciclo dos ácidos tricarboxílicos VTCA, que é uma medida directa do consumo de energia dos neurónios. O fluxo para a "pool" de glutamina, medida na mesma esperiência por MRS de 13C "in vivo", é usada para quantificar a velocidade de libertação e de reciclagem do neurotransmissor glutamato. A quantificação mostra que há uma alteração do fluxo do neurotransmissor glutamato com a oxidação neuronal da glucose de um-para-um, ou seja, para cada molécula adicional de glutamato libertada como um neurotransmissor há uma molécula de glucose oxidada nos neurónios.
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Years of experience: 16. Registered at ProZ.com: Aug 2009.
Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Photoshop, Dreamweaver, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, Adobe Fireworks, Apple iLife, OpenOffice, Powerpoint, Trados Studio, Wordfast
Investigator in Biochemistry and Neuroscience
I have graduated in Biochemistry (MSc) at University of Coimbra and I am carrying out scientific research on Alzheimer's Disease, using various laboratory techniques and drugs bridging data from different scientific fields as psychiatry and metabolism. All my study books as well as research material were and are provided exclusively in English, but the work environment is predominantly Portuguese (Brazilian and European).
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