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English to Arabic: أخلاقيات البحث في الخلايا الجذعية General field: Science Detailed field: Medical (general)
Source text - English Ethics of Stem Cell Research
From the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Full text:
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/stem-cells/
Human embryonic stem cell (HESC) research offers much hope for alleviating the human suffering brought on by the ravages of disease and injury. HESCs are characterized by their capacity for self-renewal and their ability to differentiate into all types of cells of the body. The main goal of HESC research is to identify the mechanisms that govern cell differentiation and to turn HESCs into specific cell types that can be used for treating debilitating and life-threatening diseases and injuries.
Despite the tremendous therapeutic promise of HESC research, the research has met with heated opposition because the harvesting of HESCs involves the destruction of the human embryo. HESCs are derived in vitro around the fifth day of the embryo’s development (Thomson et al. 1998). A typical day-5 human embryo consists of 200–250 cells, most of which comprise the trophoblast, which is the outermost layer of the blastocyst. HESCs are harvested from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, which consists of 30–34 cells. The derivation of HESC cultures requires the removal of the trophoblast. This process of disaggregating the blastocyst’s cells eliminates its potential for further development. Opponents of HESC research argue that the research is morally impermissible because it involves the unjust killing of innocent human beings.
Translation - Arabic أخلاقيات البحث في الخلايا الجذعية
مترجمة من موسوعة ستانفورد للفلسفة
النص كاملاً:
https://hekmah.org/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B0%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9/
تقدم أبحاث الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية الكثير من الأمل لتخفيف المعاناة البشرية الناجمة عن التلف بسبب الإصابات والأمراض. تتميز الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية بإمكانيتها على التجدد الذاتي وبقدرتها على التمايز إلى جميع أنواع خلايا الجسم. إن الهدف الرئيسي من أبحاث الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية هو تحديد الآلية التي تحكم التمايز الخلوي والتي تتحول بموجبها الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية إلى أنواع محددة من الخلايا يمكن استخدامها في الإصابات والأمراض المنهكة و المهددة للحياة.
على الرغم من الوعود العلاجية الهائلة لأبحاث الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية إلا أن هذه الأبحاث قد قوبلت بمعارضة حامية الوطيس لأن تجميعها وحصادها يتضمن تخريب المضغ البشرية. تشتق الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية في المختبر في اليوم الخامس من نمو المضغة (تومسون وزملاؤه 1998). و تتألف المضغة النموذجية بعمر ال 5 أيام من (200-250) خلية تشكل معظمها الأرومة الغاذية وهي الطبقة الخارجية من الكيسة الأريمية. تُحصد الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية من الكتلة الخلوية الداخلية للكيسة والتي تتألف من (30-40) خلية و تتطلب سبل اشتقاق الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية إزالة الأرومة الغاذية. إن عملية فصل خلايا الكيسة الأرومية يقضي على احتمال تطورها المستقبلي و يجادل معارضو أبحاث الخلايا الجذعية المضغية البشرية بأن هذه الأبحاث مستحيلة أخلاقياُ لأنها تتضمن القتل الظالم لبشر أبرياء.
English to Arabic: الشخصانية General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Philosophy
Source text - English Personalism
From Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Full text: https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/personalism/
Although it was only in the first half of the twentieth century that the term ‘personalism’ became known as a designation of philosophical schools and systems, personalist thought had developed throughout the nineteenth century as a reaction to perceived depersonalizing elements in Enlightenment rationalism, pantheism, Hegelian absolute idealism, individualism as well as collectivism in politics, and materialist, psychological, and evolutionary determinism. In its various strains, personalism always underscores the centrality of the person as the primary locus of investigation for philosophical, theological, and humanistic studies. It is an approach or system of thought which regards or tends to regard the person as the ultimate explanatory, epistemological, ontological, and axiological principle of all reality, although these areas of thought are not stressed equally by all personalists and there is tension between idealist, phenomenological, existentialist, and Thomist versions of personalism.
Translation - Arabic الشخصانية
مترجمة من موسوعة ستانفورد للفلسفة
النص كاملاً:
https://hekmah.org/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/
رغم أن مصطلح “الشخصانية” لم يصبح معروفاً كمسمى لأنظمة ومدارس فلسفية حتى النصف الأول من القرن التاسع عشر، إلا أن الفكر الشخصاني كان قد تطور خلال القرن التاسع عشر كرد فعل للعناصر المبددة للشخصية المدركة في العقلانية التنويرية ووحدة الوجود ومثالية هيغل المطلقة والفردانية، هذا بالإضافة إلى الجمعية في السياسة والحتمية التطورية النفسية والمادية. تؤكد الشخصانية بشعابها المختلفة على مركزية الشخص ليكون الموضع الأساسي للبحث والتقصي في الدراسات الفلسفية واللاهوتية والإنسانية. فهي منهج أو نظام فكري يعتبر أو يميل لاعتبار الشخص المنطلق التوضيحي والمعرفي والأنطولوجي والأكسيولوجي المطلق لجميع الحقائق، بالرغم من أن هذه المساحات الفكرية لم يؤكد عليها جميع الشخصانيين بنفس القدر وأن هناك توتراً بين النسخ المثالية والفيمونولوجية والوجودية والتوماوية من الشخصانية.
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Years of experience: 5. Registered at ProZ.com: Sep 2023.
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Bio
My academic background is in Materials Science Engineering,
a specialization in Mechanical Engineering, followed by a master’s in business
administration. During my academic study, I faced obstacles in finding relevant
research and topics in the Arabic language, while the relevant contents are
abundant in English. From there, I started to sense the importance of
translation in conveying knowledge from one language to another.
Therefore, equipped with the fundamentals of translation, I
started working voluntarily with Al-Marefa Magazine (a magazine issued monthly
by the Syrian Ministry of Culture) in 2014 on social topics, later, I continued
my voluntary work with hekmah.org magazine in translating articles from
Stanford encyclopedia for philosophy into Arabic language in parallel with
working as a freelance translator with online translation services.
In addition, I have nine work experiences with
non-governmental organizations in the fields of operations, project management,
and monitoring & evaluation. While working with NGOs, I used my translation expertise to translate the organizations internal policies, manuals, and documents from English to Arabic.
My translation specialties and the services I can provide are translating from English to Arabic in the following fields:
-- Technical translation: this
includes science, engineering, and manufacturing, such as training materials,
manuals, user guides, and scientific texts.
- - Literary translation: this
includes philosophy, psychology, and social science topics.
- - Commercial and
administrative translation: this includes business documents, business reports,
letters, and tender documents.
- - Medical translation: this
includes medical articles, manuals, and instruments.
- - Multimedia and software
translation: this includes graphics, videos, info-graphics, system messages, and
help files.
S So, please reach out to me if you need a professional translation in any of the above-mentioned fields.
Keywords: - Technical translation, literary translation, commercial and administrative translation, medical translation, and multimedia and software translation.
- Science, engineering, manufacturing, philosophy, psychology, social science. See more.- Technical translation, literary translation, commercial and administrative translation, medical translation, and multimedia and software translation.
- Science, engineering, manufacturing, philosophy, psychology, social science, business documents and reports, medical articles and manuals, videos and info-graphics.. See less.
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