As of November 2008 the national initial charge is €4.10 standard rate and €4.45 premium rate and includes an initial distance of 1km, or a period of 170 seconds.

There's an initial charge of $3.30 plus an additional $1.20 when you're riding from the airport, and then $2.20 per mile.

http://www.citizensinformation.ie/categories/travel-and-recreation/public-transport/charges_for_taxi_hackney_and_limosuine_services

http://govegas.about.com/lw/Travel/North-America-and-Caribbean/Transportation-to-and-From-McCarran-International-Airport.htm